作 者：邵佳妮        所属事情机构：        摘 自：睿保网

During the winter holidays this year, as an English major, I was fortunate enough to come into contact with the insurance industry and in just a few days I went from having a superficial and one-sided awareness of insurance to having a preliminary general understanding. The use of the word ‘insurance’ can be traced back to the 16th and 17th centuries and evolved from the word ‘ensurance’, meaning security against loss or death in exchange for payment. Combined with the origins of the term, insurance, from my perspective, is a guarantee of social production and economic development, a product of human beings' focus on their own values and their pursuit of actual material and wealth. At that time, capitalism was beginning to develop and people were not restricted to religious and theological rules and regulations. The results of the Age of Exploration led people to look to seafaring for wealth, but the relatively poor technology and unpredictable climate did not guarantee the safety of voyages, and the concept of insurance was developed in order to avoid huge loss; After the Great Fire of London in the mid-seventeenth century, which caused serious damage to the property of many inhabitants, the concept of insurance began to take hold; The development of the industrial revolution and then the expansion of capitalism abroad, mass production, import and export trade and warfare made insurance become increasingly important and the insurance industry became increasingly more mature.

On Thursday morning, I went to China Health Connect to see some of the most representative policies in our country's collection and to get a glimpse of the history of the insurance industry in China. Since the opening of the port, foreign merchants came to China and insurance was introduced. Combining with the staff's explanations and the history we have learnt, we can see that insurance policies in China started out as protection for foreigners who came to China to do business and for the wealthy; ordinary people could not yet afford the relatively expensive insurance premiums, so insurance policies from the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China were generally written in English. Most of them were beautifully designed, covering sections such as the main policy content and endorsement. Each policy was accompanied by a concise textual description at the bottom, for example, one of the earliest policies I have seen is a transport insurance policy from the Yang-tsze Insurance Association Limited in 1898, which dealt mainly with water and fire, accident and transport insurance. The two insurance policies that impressed me during the visit were a fire insurance policy of Taiping Insurance Co. in 1938 and a simple life insurance policy in 1943. Taiping Insurance Company was founded in 1929 by the Golden City Bank. It was the predecessor of the present-day China Taiping Insurance Group Co. The founder, Mr. Zhou Zuomin, was a very influential national financier and an important figure in the development of the insurance industry in China. The 1943 simple life insurance policy was as simple and small as the name suggests, and although it was not as detailed as the previous foreign policies, its function seems to me to reflect the development of the insurance industry and the promotion of its popularity. The simple life insurance policy was inexpensive, making it affordable for more people, and the payment mechanism was reasonable and humanistic, as it was not a one-off payment, but a monthly or time-specific payment, and there were also features such as no medical examinations and home visits. I was able to appreciate the importance of insurance and its necessity during my conversations with the staff. For example, the staff mentioned that one of their clients invests up to $20,000 a year in health insurance, which may seem unnecessary to us, but in the long run, due to the client's age and the pandemic, he will be able to use the money invested to receive the best treatment and he could even travel abroad to be treated in developed countries freely if he falls ill. Therefore, the decision would be beneficial to him. Another example is the earthquake in Turkey just a few days ago, where a large number of houses collapsed causing serious damage, and then insurance can be very useful for a part of the damage to persons and property.

I have benefited a lot from the week-long ‘insurance trip’. From the origins to the development and spread of insurance culture, from the perspective of a liberal arts student, insurance is not only a reliable guarantee and pillar for the development of the financial industry and social production, but also, to some extent, a booster for the mutual exchange and absorption of different cultures, and that is why China's insurance industry has been able to flourish in just two centuries.

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淺談對保險文化的認識

今年寒假，作爲一名英語專業的學生，我有幸接觸到保險行業，短短幾天內從之前對保險淺顯片面的認知到了有了开端大致的了解。“保險”一詞的使用最早可以追溯到十六、十七世紀，演變自單詞“ensurance”，意思是以損失或死亡的擔保來換取付款。結合這一詞的起源，保險，在我看來，是社會生産和經濟發展的保障，是人類注重自身價值、追求實際物質和財富的産物。在那個時期，資本主義已經開始萌芽發展，人們不在被束縛在宗教神學的條條框框中。新航路開辟的结果使得人們將賺錢的目光投射于航海活動，但相對落後的技術和變幻莫測的大海和氣候並不能保證遠航的宁静，爲了制止“人財兩空”，就産生了保險這一看法；十七世紀中葉的倫敦大火造成許多居民的財産損失嚴重，此後保險的看法便開始深入人心；之後工業革命的開展再到資本主義向外擴張，大量的生産、進出口貿易以及戰爭越來越能保險的重要性，保險行業的發展也越來越成熟。

就在周四上午，我前往到成都商保通康健科技有限公司，參觀了我國珍藏的部门極具代表性的保單，領略了中國保險業的發展曆史。自開埠以來，外國商民們紛至沓來，保險也隨之引進中國。結合事情人員的講解以及所學的曆史知識，我們可知保險在中國最開始是爲來中國做生意的外國人和富人提供保障，普通黎民還負擔不起相對昂貴的保險費，因此清朝至民國的保險單一般都用英語撰寫。它們大多設計精美，涵蓋主保內容、批單等部门；每份保單下方都配有精簡的文字敘述，例如我所見最早的一份保單是1898年揚子保險公司的運輸險保單，主要經營水火險、意外險、運輸險等。在參觀過程中，令我印象較深的兩份保單分別是1938年太平保險公司的火險保單和1943年的簡易人壽保險單。太平保險公司有金城銀行創辦于1929年，是現如今中國太平保險集團有限責任公司的前身，創始人周作民先生是我國很是具有影響力的民族金融家，是推動我國保險業發展的重要人物。1943年的簡易人壽保險單的樣式正如其名，簡易小巧，雖然沒有之前外文保單那樣精美詳細，但其作用功效在我看來體現了保險業發展和推動保險業普及的一面。簡易人壽保險價格低廉，能夠使得更多人買得起保險，且繳費機制比較合理且人性化，並不是一次性支付，按月或是特定時間交一部门即可，此外還有免驗身體、上門收費等特點。在和事情人員的交流中，我越发能夠體會到保險的重要性及须要性。例如事情人員提及到他們的一個客戶每年都會投入高達兩萬的費用于醫療保險，在我們看來這可能是“多此一舉”的，但從長期來看由于這名客戶年齡較大，再加之這幾年新冠疫情的肆虐，如果患上疾病，他就能拿投入的錢去接受很是好的治療，甚至可以出國去發達國家看病，這樣的決策對他來說是百利無害的。再好比前兩天的土耳其地震，大量衡宇坍毁造成嚴重的損失，那麽這時候保險對于人身、財産等一部门的損害就會起到很大的作用。

爲期一周的“保險之旅”使我受益頗多，從保險文化的起源到發展傳播，從一名文科生的視角來看，保險不僅是金融業發展和社會生産的可靠保障與支柱，某種水平上來說，更是差异文化相互交流、吸收的助推器，這也就是中國保險業在短短兩百年中能夠蓬勃發展的原因。

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